Tears of the rotator cuff tendons of the shoulder can lead to pain, stiffness and weakness. It is often diagnosed after a careful history taking, clinical examination, x-ray examination and MRI scan.
If the tendon is torn completely, surgery to repair the tendon is often the best option. This is usually done via keyhole surgery – called shoulder arthroscopy.
The recovery from this surgery can be challenging for a lot of patients. There is a need to reduce excessive movements of the operated shoulder and this can lead to stiffness. There is pain from the inflammation associated with the healing process post-surgery. This inflammation causes deep aching pain that is most prominent at night while sleeping. This can last up to 6 weeks from the surgery. The patient is usually started on an active range of motions of the operated shoulder at about 6 weeks post-surgery. This again can result in pain due to stiffness and weakness from disuse.
Many patients can take up to 3 to 6 months to feel better.
This article serves to help my patients who undergo this surgery to cope and hopefully have a smoother recovery.
Why is it important to be careful during the recovery period from rotator cuff tendon repair surgery?
There are several key reasons why being careful during the recovery period from rotator cuff tendon repair surgery is crucial:
Protecting the healing repair
The repaired tendon needs time to heal and reattach securely to the bone. Early movement or excessive stress can disrupt this process, leading to a failed repair or re-tear. This often means longer recovery times, additional surgery, and potentially worse long-term outcomes.
Preventing stiffness
After surgery, scar tissue can form around the joint, leading to stiffness if not addressed through controlled movement and stretching. Gentle exercises guided by a physical therapist help prevent stiffness and maintain mobility, ensuring a more successful and quicker return to daily activities.
Avoiding pain and complications
Pushing your limits too soon can increase pain and inflammation, hindering progress and potentially leading to complications like infection or nerve damage. Following your doctor’s instructions and gradually progressing your activities minimises pain and promotes smooth healing.
Building strength and function safely
Recovering strength and full function takes time and proper guidance. Performing exercises incorrectly or prematurely can overload the repaired tendon and surrounding muscles, potentially leading to further injury or pain.
Setting yourself up for long-term success
Following a carefully designed recovery plan, including physical therapy and gradual return to activities, helps strengthen the repaired tendon and surrounding muscles, reducing the risk of future tears and promoting long-term shoulder health.
Remember, while your body wants to heal and return to normalcy, patience and adherence to your doctor’s instructions are crucial during this sensitive period. By prioritising healing and carefully progressing your activities, you set yourself up for a successful recovery and optimal long-term shoulder function.
How long is the recovery period from shoulder rotator cuff tendon repair surgery?
The recovery period from shoulder rotator cuff tendon repair surgery can vary depending on several factors, including:
- Severity of the tear: Smaller tears tend to heal faster than larger tears.
- Type of surgery: Arthroscopic surgery typically has a shorter recovery time than open surgery.
- Individual factors: Age, overall health, and pre-existing conditions can influence healing speed.
Generally speaking:
- Initial healing: It takes about 6-8 weeks for the tendon to initially heal to the bone.
- Regaining mobility and strength: This can take anywhere from 4-9 months, with most people reaching full recovery within 6 months.
- Returning to strenuous activities: This may take even longer, especially for high-impact sports, and requires clearance from your doctor.
Here’s a breakdown of the recovery phases:
- Weeks 1-4: Immobilization in a sling, pain management, passive motion exercises.
- Weeks 4-8: Gradual introduction of active-assisted motion exercises.
- Weeks 8-12: Strengthening exercises begin, focusing on regaining range of motion and building muscle control.
- Months 3-6: Continued strengthening, progressing to more functional activities.
- Months 6-9: Return to most daily activities and light sports.
- Beyond 9 months: Gradual return to high-impact sports with doctor’s approval.
Important points to remember:
- These are estimates, and individual recovery times may differ.
- Listen to your body and don’t push yourself too hard.
- Follow your doctor’s instructions closely.
- Physical therapy is crucial for a successful recovery.
- Be patient and understand that full recovery takes time.
- For specific information about your own recovery timeline, always consult your doctor. They will consider your individual factors and provide personalised guidance.
What are the ways to manage during the recovery period?
Here are some ways to manage during the recovery period from rotator cuff tendon repair surgery:
Immediately after surgery
- Pain management: Take prescribed pain medication as directed and communicate openly with your doctor about your pain level. Explore additional pain management options like ice packs, heat therapy, and relaxation techniques.
- Rest and immobilisation: Wear your sling as instructed to protect the repair and avoid unnecessary movement. Prioritise getting enough sleep and avoid strenuous activities.
- Wound care: Keep your incision clean and dry according to your doctor’s instructions. This may involve regular dressing changes and avoiding soaking the wound.
- Physical therapy: Begin gentle passive range-of-motion exercises as prescribed by your therapist. These exercises help prevent stiffness and promote blood flow.
As recovery progresses
- Gradual exercise progression: Follow your physical therapist’s guidance to gradually increase active-assisted and strengthening exercises. Focus on regaining range of motion, building muscle control, and avoiding activities that strain the repair.
- Maintain good posture: Practise good posture while sitting, standing, and sleeping to avoid putting unnecessary stress on the shoulder.
- Ice and heat therapy: Use ice packs to reduce inflammation and pain, and heat therapy to increase blood flow and relax muscles as directed by your doctor.
- Nutrition and hydration: Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and lean protein to support healing. Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
- Listen to your body: Don’t push yourself too hard and take breaks when needed. If you experience any pain, swelling, or redness, contact your doctor immediately.
- Emotional support: Recovery can be challenging, so seek support from family, friends, or a therapist if needed.
Additional tips
- Consider using assistive devices like a reacher or grabber to avoid reaching overhead or straining your injured shoulder.
- Modify your daily activities to avoid putting stress on the shoulder, like using the opposite hand for certain tasks.
- Be patient and understand that regaining full function takes time and dedication.
- Communicate openly with your doctor throughout the recovery process to address any concerns and ensure you’re on the right track.
